Capacitor

Stores energy in an electric field. It consists of two conductive plates separated by a dielectric material (a substance that doesn’t easily conduct electricity but can be polarized by an electric field). When a voltage is applied across the plates, an electric field develops between them, which causes charge separation. This creates an electric field that opposes changes in voltage, making capacitors ideal for storing electrical charges and regulating power flow in electronic circuits. There are several types of capacitors including electrolytic, ceramic, tantalum, aluminum electrolytic, supercapacitors, etc., each with their own unique characteristics and applications.

References:

https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/capacitor.htm

https://www.circuitbasics.com/what-is-a-capacitor/

https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic/circuits-with-capacitors/v/capacitors-and-capacitance